网友提问:
定语从句和状语从句如何区分?
优质回答:
我是英语老师,很乐意回答这个问题。
在英语学习中,我们经常遇到定语从句和状语从句,学生们经常分不清它们的区别,我们也不断地解释,希望多解释一次能帮助多一个学生明白二者的区别并学会正确使用定语从句和状语从句。
第一,二者作用不同。在一个主从复合句中,定语从句修饰名词、代词或句子,它的主要作用与形容词大体相同,请读例句:
1. This is the place which is worth visiting. 这是一个值得参观的地方。(划线的是定语从句,修饰名词place)
2. He who doesn’ t reach the Great Wall isn’t a true man. 不到长城非好汉。(划线的是定语从句,修饰代词he。)
3. Football is played in over 80 countries, which made it become the most popular sport in the world. 全世界80多个国家踢足球,使得足球成为最普遍的运动。(划线的是定语从句,修饰前面的句子。)
而状语从句修饰动词、形容词或副词,它的作用相当副词。请读例句:
1. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting. 当我进办公室时,老师们正在开会。(划线的是状语从句,表示开会的时间,是时间状语从句)
2. Make a mark wherever you have any questions. 请在任何你有疑问的地方做记号。(划线的是状语从句,表示做记号的地点,是地点状语从句)
3. You won’t lose your weight unless you eat less and you exercise more. 除非你少吃多运动,否则你减不了肥。(划线的是状语从句,表示减肥的条件,是条件状语从句)
4. He left early in case he should miss the train. 他早早离开,以免误了火车。(划线的是状语从句,表示他早离开的目的,是目的状语从句)
5. He is disappointed because he didn’t get the position. 因为没有得到升职,他很失望。(划线的是状语从句,表示他失望的原因,是原因状语从句)
6. She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her. 她是个这么好的老师,以至于每个人都敬佩她。(划线的是状语从句,表示她是好老师的结果,是结果状语从句)
7. No matter what you say, I’ll never change my mind. 无论您说什么,我都不会改变主意。(划线的是状语从句,表示让步,是让步状语从句)
8. You must do the exercises as I show you. 你必须照我给你展示的那样做作业。(划线的是状语从句,表示做作业的方式,是方式状语从句)
9. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. 我犯的错必你犯的多。(划线的是状语从句,表示对犯错的比较,是比较状语从句)
第二,定语从句的引导词在从句内部要做句子成分,而状语从句的引导词有些在从句内部不做句子成分,有些在从句内部不做句子成分。例如:
This is the place which is worth visiting. (which 在定语从句中做主语)
You’re the very man whom I’m looking for. (whom 在定语从句中做宾语)
When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting. (when 在状语从句中不做句子成分)
After the war, a new school building was put up where there had once been a theatre. (where 在状语从句中做地点状语)
Stay where you are. (where 在状语从句中做表语)
关于状语从句的引导词做不做从句内部的成分,需要英语学习者多甄别。
请判断以下主从复合句中的从句是定语从句还是状语从句。
1.Go and get your coat. It’s where you left it.
2. Is this the history museum that some foreign friends visited last week?
3. We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.
4. As you know, he has left for Australia.
5. He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it.
6. As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
7. Always do to others as you would be done by.
8. The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.
9. I don’t like the way which you treat your mother.
10.He told the good news to those who were present at the meeting.
(定语从句:2,4, 8, 9, 10;状语从句:1,3,5,6,7)
其他网友回答
英语中的三个从句:
1、状语从句:用来说明居中的条件、时间、地点、原因等;
When he came in ,I was cooking !时间状语从句
想一下火车:时间、地点、延误原因、行车条件
2、定语从句:“定”,限定的意思,用来限定从句修饰名词的范围;
I love girls who have long hair!
3、名词从句:主、谓为句子。
I know (that)she is right!
再多加一个同位语从句:用一个词/句子 解释 另一个词
先来看简单的同位语:
Tony,my father is coming。my father 为同位语
把同位语换成句子,就成为了同位语从句:
She hates the idea,that we should abandon her。
“that”为同位语引导词,后面引导同位语从句。
我们常常需要对抽象名词进行“解释”,例如:
idea,dream,advise,suggestion······
I have the suggestion,that we should make my parents happy!
4、同位语从句和定语从句的差别:
同位语从句是“简历”:让你更好的了解求职人;
定语从句是“特长”:把你的特点暴露出来。我只会踢足球(只限于这一点)
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